Biosensors are analytical tools or systems consisting of an immobilized biological sensing material in close contact with a suitable transducer that convert the biochemical signals to a quantifiable electrical signal. Biosensors are now used in variety of disciplines, including medicine, food industry and environmental science. It is becoming increasingly important for researchers and scientists in these areas and other fields to have sound understanding of the different types of biosensors, which can be used, the principles behind them, and their advantages with their limitations. This review discusses the basic features of biosensors, types of biological materials used and details of most important types of biosensors currently used specifically in food industry. Online use of biosensor in processing of food materials is also discussed in detail with electronic control systems to make its use relevant as an emerging technology for food processors.

KEYWORDS:Biosensor, food application, sensitivity, transducer