Pap smear is a very effective screening test for a cervical precancerous. However, hundreds of small slides have to be analyzed using microscope by the trained cytologist. This paper gives an overview of the state of the art and currently available literature and technique related Pap smear microscopic image analysis. Some techniques are used to detect cell components such as nuclei and cell boundaries. The following steps should be performed to extract the features and measure the area of the cells. Initially ROI of the denoised image undergoes segmentation to extract the features. In the next step the diameter of the nucleus was determined. The experimental results show that all the aforementioned techniques proposed have performed impressively based on the features extracted.

Keywords: Pap smear, segmentation, Region of interest (ROI), denoising, cytology.