Abstract

Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Sensor Networks (WMASNs) are deployed in difficult environments where failures of sensor nodes and interruption of connectivity are habitual occurrences. On the other hand, energy-utilisation in (WMASNs) remains the main factor to achieve a longer network lifetime. Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Sensor Networks (WMASNs) are infrastructureless, multi-hop, dynamic networks for a collection of mobile nodes. This paper reviewed technological solutions for managing disaster using Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Sensor Networks via cluster management system by providing data sensing and aggregation for search and rescue operations. A clustering architecture provides network scalability and fault tolerance, and results in more efficient use of network resources. In each cluster, a Cluster Head (CH) is elected and responsible for cluster maintenance and inter-cluster and intra-cluster communication is also considered in our work. A Secondary Cluster Head (SCH) is also elected to avoid the CH from becoming a bottleneck. The SCH stores backup routing and cluster information. For this purpose, a Novel Weighted Intra and Inter Cluster Routing Protocol for WMASNs (WIICRP) for disaster recovery and management has been proposed. This approach is based on combined weight metric that takes into account of several system parameters like the degree difference of the node, transmission range, battery power and mobility of the sensor node. For intra cluster communication well known concept TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) is used. For inter-cluster communication, AODV protocol is used in order to get the routes On Demand and to minimize the memory usage in sensor nodes. The performance of the system is evaluated based on the few metrics like Fault tolerance, delay, Quality of Service, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), network life time and data accuracy. As demonstrated, our algorithm reduces control messages overhead by having SCH and Gateway node thus improving overall performance and reducing energy utilization.

Keywords: WMASNs, Cluster Head, inter-cluster, intra-cluster, Secondary Cluster Head, TDMA, WIICRP